{"id":2389,"count":38,"description":"Just as the human body, behaviours, and emotions have evolved, so has human development. Indeed, it has long been recognized that changing patterns of growth and development underlie biological evolution and speciation, as the books\u00a0On Growth and Form\u00a0<\/em>(1917), by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (1860-1948), and\u00a0Size and Cycle<\/em>\u00a0(1965), by John Tyler Bonner (1920-2019), established. \u00abGrowth\u00bb and \u00abDevelopment\u00bb refer to changes in the size, structure, and function of various body parts, including the brain, that occur during the lifetime of an organism.\r\n\r\nThis Room presents a view of the evolution of human development that is based on three branches of research. The first is anthropological studies of living humans, especially the ways in which biological and social factors interact to influence human development and health. The second is Auxology, that is, the scientific study of the physical growth and maturation of human beings and closely related species such as monkeys and apes. The third area is Life history evolution, which includes both theory and empirical studies of biological development in living and fossil species. Weaving together these three strands of research in Human Biology, Auxology, and Life history is a \u00abbiocultural perspective\u00bb of human development and evolution. The biocultural perspective is complementary to approaches to human development, from Neuroscience to Psychology, but it is also distinct in its focus on the evolution of human life history.\r\n\r\n\u00abLife history theory\u00bb is a field of biology concerned with the strategy an organism uses to allocate its energy toward growth, body maintenance, defence against infection, reproduction, raising offspring to independence, and avoiding death. For a mammal, it is the strategy of when to be born, when to be weaned, how many and what type of pre-reproductive stages of development to pass through, when to reproduce, and when to die. A central principle of life history theory is the concept of biological \u00abtrade-offs\u00bb. These are life history strategies used when competition between two biological or behavioural traits requires a partial allocation of energy or materials to each trait. An example is the trade-off between investments of time or energy in one\u2019s own physical body versus investments in the physical needs of one\u2019s offspring.\u00a0[Barry Bogin]<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBarry Bogin<\/span><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0is a Professor Emeritus of Biological Anthropology of the School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK, and William E Stirton Professor Emeritus of Anthropology of the University of Michigan-Dearborn. He received his Ph.D. in anthropology from Temple University in 1977. Bogin has expertise in human physical growth and development, nutritional ecology, evolutionary biology, Maya people, and human adaptation. The focus of his research is to explain how Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) forces influence human physical development.\u00a0He has authored more than 230 books, articles, book chapters, and popular essays<\/a><\/span>.\u00a0These include the books Patterns of Human Growth<\/a><\/em><\/span>, 3nd edition (2021), Human Variability and Plasticity<\/em>,\u00a0Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Approach<\/em>, and\u00a0The Growth of Humanity<\/em>.\r\n\r\nBibliography<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBogin B, Varea C, Hermanussen M, Scheffler C. 2018. Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution.\u00a0American Journal of Physical Anthropology<\/em>, 165: 834\u2013854\r\n\r\nBogin B, Varea C. 2017. Evolution of Human Life History. In J. Kass (Ed.),\u00a0Evolution of Nervous Systems\u00a0<\/em>(2nd ed., Vol. 4, pp. 37-50). Oxford: Elsevier\r\n\r\nBogin B. 2021. Patterns of Human Growth<\/em>, 3rd<\/sup>\u00a0edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press\r\n\r\nBonner, JT. 1965.\u00a0Size and Cycle<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey\r\n\r\nDe Beer GR. 1954. Archaeopteryx and evolution.\u00a0Adv. Sci.<\/em>\u00a011: 160-170\r\n\r\nDe Beer GR. 1975. Mosaic evolution. In: Hulse, F.S. (Ed.),\u00a0Man and Nature<\/em>. Random House, New York, pp. 36-54\r\n\r\nEdwards CP, Knoche L, Kumru A. 2001. Play patterns and gender. In J. Worell Ed.,\u00a0Encyclopedia of women and gender: Sex similarities and differences and the impact of society on gend<\/em>er: 809-815. San Diego: Academic Press\r\n\r\nGoldschmidt W. 2006.\u00a0The Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene<\/em>, Oxford: Oxford University Press\r\n\r\nHrdy, SB. 1999.\u00a0Mother Nature: A History of Mothers, Infants, and Natural Selection.\u00a0<\/em>New York: Pantheon, Random House\r\n\r\nHrdy SB. 2009.\u00a0Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding.<\/em>\u00a0Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press\r\n\r\nJolly A. 1985.\u00a0The Evolution of Primate Behavior<\/em>, 2nd edn, New York, NY: Macmillian\r\n\r\nKonner M. 2010.\u00a0The Evolution of Childhood: Relationships, Emotion, Mind.<\/em>\u00a0Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press\r\n\r\nKramer KL. 2014. Why what juveniles do matters in the evolution of cooperative breeding.\u00a0Human Nature<\/em>, 25: 49\u201365\r\n\r\nLancy F. 2014.\u00a0The Anthropology of Childhood: Cherubs, Chattel, Changelings<\/em>\u00a0(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press\r\n\r\nLeVine RA. 1988. Human parental care: Universal goals, cultural strategies, individual behavior.\u00a0New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development<\/em>, 40: 3-12\r\n\r\nMarlowe F. 2010.\u00a0The Hadza Hunter-Gatherers of Tanzania<\/em>, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press\r\n\r\nMeehan CL, Quinlan R, Malcom CD. 2013. Cooperative breeding and maternal energy expenditure among Aka foragers.\u00a0American Journal of Human Biology<\/em>, 25 (1): 42\u201357\r\n\r\nSinger C. 1959.\u00a0A Short History of Scientific Ideas to 1900.<\/em>\u00a0London: Oxford University Press\r\n\r\nSommerville CJ. 1982.\u00a0The Rise and Fall of Childhood.<\/em>\u00a0Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE Publications\r\n\r\nStratz CH. 1909). Wachstum und Proportionen desMenschen vor und nach der Geburt.\u00a0Archiv f\u00fcr Anthropologie<\/em>, 8: 287-297\r\n\r\nThompson DW. 1917.\u00a0On Growth and Form.<\/em>\u00a0Cambridge University Press, Cambridge","link":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/","name":"The ages of life","slug":"the-ages-of-life","taxonomy":"espacio","parent":2295,"meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe ages of life archivos - Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The ages of life archivos - Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Just as the human body, behaviours, and emotions have evolved, so has human development. Indeed, it has long been recognized that changing patterns of growth and development underlie biological evolution and speciation, as the books\u00a0On Growth and Form\u00a0(1917), by D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson (1860-1948), and\u00a0Size and Cycle\u00a0(1965), by John Tyler Bonner (1920-2019), established. \u00abGrowth\u00bb and \u00abDevelopment\u00bb refer to changes in the size, structure, and function of various body parts, including the brain, that occur during the lifetime of an organism. This Room presents a view of the evolution of human development that is based on three branches of research. The first is anthropological studies of living humans, especially the ways in which biological and social factors interact to influence human development and health. The second is Auxology, that is, the scientific study of the physical growth and maturation of human beings and closely related species such as monkeys and apes. The third area is Life history evolution, which includes both theory and empirical studies of biological development in living and fossil species. Weaving together these three strands of research in Human Biology, Auxology, and Life history is a \u00abbiocultural perspective\u00bb of human development and evolution. The biocultural perspective is complementary to approaches to human development, from Neuroscience to Psychology, but it is also distinct in its focus on the evolution of human life history. \u00abLife history theory\u00bb is a field of biology concerned with the strategy an organism uses to allocate its energy toward growth, body maintenance, defence against infection, reproduction, raising offspring to independence, and avoiding death. For a mammal, it is the strategy of when to be born, when to be weaned, how many and what type of pre-reproductive stages of development to pass through, when to reproduce, and when to die. A central principle of life history theory is the concept of biological \u00abtrade-offs\u00bb. These are life history strategies used when competition between two biological or behavioural traits requires a partial allocation of energy or materials to each trait. An example is the trade-off between investments of time or energy in one\u2019s own physical body versus investments in the physical needs of one\u2019s offspring.\u00a0[Barry Bogin] Barry Bogin\u00a0is a Professor Emeritus of Biological Anthropology of the School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK, and William E Stirton Professor Emeritus of Anthropology of the University of Michigan-Dearborn. He received his Ph.D. in anthropology from Temple University in 1977. Bogin has expertise in human physical growth and development, nutritional ecology, evolutionary biology, Maya people, and human adaptation. The focus of his research is to explain how Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) forces influence human physical development.\u00a0He has authored more than 230 books, articles, book chapters, and popular essays.\u00a0These include the books Patterns of Human Growth, 3nd edition (2021), Human Variability and Plasticity,\u00a0Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Approach, and\u00a0The Growth of Humanity. Bibliography Bogin B, Varea C, Hermanussen M, Scheffler C. 2018. Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution.\u00a0American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 165: 834\u2013854 Bogin B, Varea C. 2017. Evolution of Human Life History. In J. Kass (Ed.),\u00a0Evolution of Nervous Systems\u00a0(2nd ed., Vol. 4, pp. 37-50). Oxford: Elsevier Bogin B. 2021. Patterns of Human Growth, 3rd\u00a0edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Bonner, JT. 1965.\u00a0Size and Cycle. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey De Beer GR. 1954. Archaeopteryx and evolution.\u00a0Adv. Sci.\u00a011: 160-170 De Beer GR. 1975. Mosaic evolution. In: Hulse, F.S. (Ed.),\u00a0Man and Nature. Random House, New York, pp. 36-54 Edwards CP, Knoche L, Kumru A. 2001. Play patterns and gender. In J. Worell Ed.,\u00a0Encyclopedia of women and gender: Sex similarities and differences and the impact of society on gender: 809-815. San Diego: Academic Press Goldschmidt W. 2006.\u00a0The Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene, Oxford: Oxford University Press Hrdy, SB. 1999.\u00a0Mother Nature: A History of Mothers, Infants, and Natural Selection.\u00a0New York: Pantheon, Random House Hrdy SB. 2009.\u00a0Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding.\u00a0Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Jolly A. 1985.\u00a0The Evolution of Primate Behavior, 2nd edn, New York, NY: Macmillian Konner M. 2010.\u00a0The Evolution of Childhood: Relationships, Emotion, Mind.\u00a0Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press Kramer KL. 2014. Why what juveniles do matters in the evolution of cooperative breeding.\u00a0Human Nature, 25: 49\u201365 Lancy F. 2014.\u00a0The Anthropology of Childhood: Cherubs, Chattel, Changelings\u00a0(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press LeVine RA. 1988. Human parental care: Universal goals, cultural strategies, individual behavior.\u00a0New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 40: 3-12 Marlowe F. 2010.\u00a0The Hadza Hunter-Gatherers of Tanzania, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press Meehan CL, Quinlan R, Malcom CD. 2013. Cooperative breeding and maternal energy expenditure among Aka foragers.\u00a0American Journal of Human Biology, 25 (1): 42\u201357 Singer C. 1959.\u00a0A Short History of Scientific Ideas to 1900.\u00a0London: Oxford University Press Sommerville CJ. 1982.\u00a0The Rise and Fall of Childhood.\u00a0Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE Publications Stratz CH. 1909). Wachstum und Proportionen desMenschen vor und nach der Geburt.\u00a0Archiv f\u00fcr Anthropologie, 8: 287-297 Thompson DW. 1917.\u00a0On Growth and Form.\u00a0Cambridge University Press, Cambridge\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/\",\"name\":\"The ages of life archivos - Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"MUSEO\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Life cycle: Biology and culture\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"The ages of life\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/\",\"name\":\"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\",\"description\":\"Museo Virtual de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/logo-meh.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/logo-meh.svg\",\"width\":1,\"height\":1,\"caption\":\"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The ages of life archivos - Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The ages of life archivos - Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","og_description":"Just as the human body, behaviours, and emotions have evolved, so has human development. Indeed, it has long been recognized that changing patterns of growth and development underlie biological evolution and speciation, as the books\u00a0On Growth and Form\u00a0(1917), by D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson (1860-1948), and\u00a0Size and Cycle\u00a0(1965), by John Tyler Bonner (1920-2019), established. \u00abGrowth\u00bb and \u00abDevelopment\u00bb refer to changes in the size, structure, and function of various body parts, including the brain, that occur during the lifetime of an organism. This Room presents a view of the evolution of human development that is based on three branches of research. The first is anthropological studies of living humans, especially the ways in which biological and social factors interact to influence human development and health. The second is Auxology, that is, the scientific study of the physical growth and maturation of human beings and closely related species such as monkeys and apes. The third area is Life history evolution, which includes both theory and empirical studies of biological development in living and fossil species. Weaving together these three strands of research in Human Biology, Auxology, and Life history is a \u00abbiocultural perspective\u00bb of human development and evolution. The biocultural perspective is complementary to approaches to human development, from Neuroscience to Psychology, but it is also distinct in its focus on the evolution of human life history. \u00abLife history theory\u00bb is a field of biology concerned with the strategy an organism uses to allocate its energy toward growth, body maintenance, defence against infection, reproduction, raising offspring to independence, and avoiding death. For a mammal, it is the strategy of when to be born, when to be weaned, how many and what type of pre-reproductive stages of development to pass through, when to reproduce, and when to die. A central principle of life history theory is the concept of biological \u00abtrade-offs\u00bb. These are life history strategies used when competition between two biological or behavioural traits requires a partial allocation of energy or materials to each trait. An example is the trade-off between investments of time or energy in one\u2019s own physical body versus investments in the physical needs of one\u2019s offspring.\u00a0[Barry Bogin] Barry Bogin\u00a0is a Professor Emeritus of Biological Anthropology of the School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, UK, and William E Stirton Professor Emeritus of Anthropology of the University of Michigan-Dearborn. He received his Ph.D. in anthropology from Temple University in 1977. Bogin has expertise in human physical growth and development, nutritional ecology, evolutionary biology, Maya people, and human adaptation. The focus of his research is to explain how Social-Economic-Political-Emotional (SEPE) forces influence human physical development.\u00a0He has authored more than 230 books, articles, book chapters, and popular essays.\u00a0These include the books Patterns of Human Growth, 3nd edition (2021), Human Variability and Plasticity,\u00a0Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Approach, and\u00a0The Growth of Humanity. Bibliography Bogin B, Varea C, Hermanussen M, Scheffler C. 2018. Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution.\u00a0American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 165: 834\u2013854 Bogin B, Varea C. 2017. Evolution of Human Life History. In J. Kass (Ed.),\u00a0Evolution of Nervous Systems\u00a0(2nd ed., Vol. 4, pp. 37-50). Oxford: Elsevier Bogin B. 2021. Patterns of Human Growth, 3rd\u00a0edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Bonner, JT. 1965.\u00a0Size and Cycle. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey De Beer GR. 1954. Archaeopteryx and evolution.\u00a0Adv. Sci.\u00a011: 160-170 De Beer GR. 1975. Mosaic evolution. In: Hulse, F.S. (Ed.),\u00a0Man and Nature. Random House, New York, pp. 36-54 Edwards CP, Knoche L, Kumru A. 2001. Play patterns and gender. In J. Worell Ed.,\u00a0Encyclopedia of women and gender: Sex similarities and differences and the impact of society on gender: 809-815. San Diego: Academic Press Goldschmidt W. 2006.\u00a0The Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene, Oxford: Oxford University Press Hrdy, SB. 1999.\u00a0Mother Nature: A History of Mothers, Infants, and Natural Selection.\u00a0New York: Pantheon, Random House Hrdy SB. 2009.\u00a0Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding.\u00a0Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Jolly A. 1985.\u00a0The Evolution of Primate Behavior, 2nd edn, New York, NY: Macmillian Konner M. 2010.\u00a0The Evolution of Childhood: Relationships, Emotion, Mind.\u00a0Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press Kramer KL. 2014. Why what juveniles do matters in the evolution of cooperative breeding.\u00a0Human Nature, 25: 49\u201365 Lancy F. 2014.\u00a0The Anthropology of Childhood: Cherubs, Chattel, Changelings\u00a0(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press LeVine RA. 1988. Human parental care: Universal goals, cultural strategies, individual behavior.\u00a0New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 40: 3-12 Marlowe F. 2010.\u00a0The Hadza Hunter-Gatherers of Tanzania, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press Meehan CL, Quinlan R, Malcom CD. 2013. Cooperative breeding and maternal energy expenditure among Aka foragers.\u00a0American Journal of Human Biology, 25 (1): 42\u201357 Singer C. 1959.\u00a0A Short History of Scientific Ideas to 1900.\u00a0London: Oxford University Press Sommerville CJ. 1982.\u00a0The Rise and Fall of Childhood.\u00a0Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE Publications Stratz CH. 1909). Wachstum und Proportionen desMenschen vor und nach der Geburt.\u00a0Archiv f\u00fcr Anthropologie, 8: 287-297 Thompson DW. 1917.\u00a0On Growth and Form.\u00a0Cambridge University Press, Cambridge","og_url":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/","og_site_name":"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/","url":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/","name":"The ages of life archivos - Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/the-ages-of-life\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"MUSEO","item":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Life cycle: Biology and culture","item":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/espacio\/life-cycle-biology-and-culture\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"The ages of life"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/","name":"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","description":"Museo Virtual de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#organization","name":"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana","url":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/logo-meh.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/logo-meh.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"Museo de Ecolog\u00eda Humana"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/espacio\/2389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/espacio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/taxonomies\/espacio"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/museoecologiahumana.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/espacio\/2295"}]}}